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India’s Space Research Organization Launches Chandrayaan-3

India’s Space Research Organization Launches Chandrayaan-3

On July 14, 2023, India launched its third Moon mission, aiming to be the first to land near its little-explored south pole. The rocket, Launch Vehicle Mark III, lifted off from the Satish Dhawan Space Center on the island of Sriharikota in the state of Andhra Pradesh.

The Chandrayaan-3 (transl: Moon craft) is fitted with an orbiter, lander, and a rover. The landing is planned for August 23-24, but this could change based on the moon’s sunrise. If there’s a delay, the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) will reschedule the landing for September.

Chandrayaan-3, which weighs close to 6,500 pounds and cost $75 million, has the “same goals” as its predecessors – to ensure a soft-landing on the Moon’s surface.

The lander (called Vikram, after the founder of ISRO) weighs more than 3,000 pounds and carries  the 57 pound rover named Pragyaan, the Sanskrit term for wisdom.

The rover carries five instruments which will focus on finding more about the physical characteristics of the surface of the Moon, the atmosphere close to the surface ,and the tectonic activity to study what goes on below the surface.

The landing, will have to be “absolutely precise” to coincide with the start of a lunar day (a day on the Moon equals 14 days on Earth) because the batteries of the lander and the rover will need sunlight to be able to charge and function.

India is increasing its collaboration with the United States for space missions. Earlier this year, the White House announced that NASA will provide training for Indian astronauts at the Johnson Space Center in Houston “with a goal of mounting a joint effort to the International Space Station in 2024.”

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